These People Are Intellectuals

‘These People Are Intellectuals, They Live in Houses Full of Books and Have Nothing Worth Stealing’ is the full title of Ray’s large black and white drawing (below). When I decided to make a larger stained glass panel from one of his drawings, I had no hesitation about choosing this one, partly because of the fabulous title that tells you what is going on in the picture. The shadows of the two helmeted robbers are seen in the back window and then repeated in the foreground, medieval style, so you really know who is talking.

These People Are Intellectuals… 880 x 680 mm. Acrylic and indian ink on card. Ray Ward 2019

The photos below document the making process starting with the choice of glass colour and texture. In stained glass dark colours come to the front, unlike in easel painting where they appear to recede. The blue flashed glass I chose for the foreground talking heads dictated the rest of the colour scheme. I’ve learnt from the previous collaborative panels to keep the colours restrained, so stuck to the purple side of blue contrasted with sandy yellow. I used clear glass for the back wall and textured glass for the ceiling and open doorway. Ray said he had no idea who the legs in the doorway belonged to, so I decided to leave them out.

Left, 32 Cut pieces laid on top of a photocopy of the drawing. Right, First layer of sandblasting, painting and staining.

Left, Detail of completed foreground pieces, showing silver stain diamonds on carpet. Right, Work in progress on big and small light boxes - the bookcases needed a second layer of black (iron oxide) paint.

Left, Four figures in progress with an alternative, less sandblasted, head. Right, Back wall has been double sandblasted with wallpaper stripes and fired with black iron oxide for window, skirting and lights. Blue enamel panes and silver stain beams of light in unfired state.

Left and Right, Leading in progress.

Left, Cementing, the lovely stage where the window comes together. Right, Sunshine through the completed panel shows the sandblasted areas as shadow.

Completed panel 700 x 540mm

The panel is on show alongside Ray’s original drawing and the notes and lists I made during the process in our exhibition at Norwich Cathedral ‘The Cloud of Unknowing’ until December 12th.

Click this link for the full exhibition catalogue

Colour, Theme and Variations

Version 1, 700 x 540mm and detail showing layers of fired enamel colour.

I had an idea for a new design and, as is my usual practice, worked out the best combination of colours, made a template and set to work on what was to become Version 1 (above). Each transparent enamel was applied differently to give a different texture, I hand painted, sprayed and rolled the paint on. The result looked good, but was not quite what I had in mind so I made some smaller versions to see where the same design in other colour combinations would take me.

Left: Version 2 after first firing. Right: Versions 2,3 & 4 in progress.

Version 2 (above and below left) used the colours I had in mind, pale grey (I haven’t got much of this enamel left) and a more yellowy green mix (not got much green either, so I mix up blue & yellow). With these colours went a paler blue and the pinky foreground that all the versions have in common. Version 3, the narrow panel below, is in an alternative colour scheme I’d drawn up and version 4, below right, used up the leftover enamels in a different combination. You can see these panels on the lightbox above, the first layer of enamel has been fired and is therefore transparent, while the second as yet unfired layer appears opaque.

Versions 2,3 & 4, height 270mm.

All together in the window, these panels looked rather like my usual stripey colour samples, and I decided to make some improvements to versions 3 & 4. V3 looked insipid, so I beefed up the colour and added some more sandblasting (below left). V4 was a mess, it needed two trips to the sandblaster and a firing to transform the shapes and take the series off in a new direction.

Variations on Version 3 and 4.

Paradise Lost

This is the drawing (below) used for our first collaborative stained glass panel commissioned as a window, chosen by the clients because of its proportions and its suitability for a bathroom window. It’s a small black and white ink drawing called “There is a Grain of Sand in Lambeth that Satan cannot find” and is based on a famous story told by William and Catherine Blake's friend Thomas Butts. At the end of the Blakes’ garden in Lambeth was a small summer house, and coming to call on them one day Butts was shocked to find the couple stark naked: "Come in!" cried Blake; "it's only Adam and Eve you know!" The Blakes were reciting passages from Paradise Lost, apparently "in character." As is usual in the work of Ray Ward, the inspiration is hidden - it was an added bonus to find out who the characters were when the commission was underway and we were able to decipher the title, which is a quote from Blake’s poem “Jerusalem”.

Ray’s drawing, “There is a Grain of Sand in Lambeth that Satan cannot find” (170 x 275mm) and stained glass interpretation of the same (320 x 600 mm).

The glass was installed in the top half of a ground floor loo window. It provides privacy from next door’s windows without blocking the view of plants on the windowsill. There are two bonus reflections - in the mirror on the left and in the opaque glass door panel to the right in the photo below, and in front of you when you’re seated on the loo.

The panel installed in the bathroom window.

Stages of making

This window uses every type of glass and technique in a sequence of steps that I photographed throughout the process (above) as follows.

Stage 1, the straightforward bit, choosing and cutting the glass. Stage 2, shows the glass pieces laid on top of Ray’s drawing which has been scaled and shifted to fit the window proportions. Stage 3, the first layer of iron oxide painting into lines I’d sandblasted to provide definition. Stage 4, 2nd layer of painting in some areas, pink glass masked out for sandblasting, table and steam lines already blasted out. Stage 5, pink flashed glass sandblasted, took ages! Stage 6, the most fun part was the final painting - silver stain on the chairs, enamel on the mugs, iron oxide on the book and the faces. I traced these directly from Ray’s drawing. As you can see in the detail below, I think I got their expressions quite well. The only elements I changed were on the book, I didn’t mind the crazy perspective but thought I could do with some better lettering, and the shape of the mugs became the type they use in the house which are made by one of its occupants.

Detail comparing drawing with glass

In my line of commissioned work I’m used to getting the colours and the composition right for a particular place, but the figurative element in these joint pieces is something I haven’t touched since I was a student. For me, they are all about the people. Ray always denies that there is anything autobiographical going on in his drawings, but we had our portraits taken underneath the window on installation day, just to check.

Window from the outside and the inside.

The Joy of Visiting Unlit Churches

North wall of St Peter Everleigh. Built in 1813 in the Gothic style and on an iron frame, with monument to Francis Dugdale Astley Esq. founder and donor of this church.

My trips to churches in the past few years have been generally unplanned, I stop if I pass one that looks as if it may be open and has an easy place to park outside. I had noticed that some of the loveliest, most uncluttered ones I visited were in the care of The Churches Conservation Trust whose website is up to date with current visitor opening times - no need to book!! - so we set off to see a couple of CCT churches near us in Wiltshire.

St Peter Everleigh. Left: East window, Right: South wall of the nave.

The interior of Everleigh church contains nothing ugly apart from those unevenly spaced wall lights on the north wall (top photo). There are wall monuments from the previous church in the village between tall windows with orange borders and a greenish glow from the trees pressing against them outside.

The glass in the east window by W.T. Cleobury is full of beautifully painted detail. I particularly like the mother and child panel (below left), the gaze and the hands of the shepherds point at them from one side and the three kings from the other. The best hand painting I have noticed from a stained glass firm I had never heard of, which is a perfect example of the surprises you get when you use your eyes rather than a guide book.

Everleigh, details of the east window by W.T. Cleobury 1873.

St Mary, Chute Forest. Left: entrance porch, Right: west window by Jones and Willis 1921.

St Mary, Chute Forest, is tucked away in an overgrown churchyard, again with nothing ugly inside or out. It was designed by J.L. Pearson and built in 1875 of brick and flint. The interior, with no electric lighting that we could find, had a perfectly Victorian atmosphere and perfect conditions for stained glass viewing on a drizzly day. The WWI memorial west window is moody, nicely painted and eccentrically repaired at bottom left with gold coloured glass (above right).

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Chute Forest, Left: carved reredos in front of east window by Clayton and Bell, Right: window detail.

The east window is a lovely one, made by Clayton and Bell in 1875. The background to all the little scenes showing the life of Christ is covered in a web of sgraffito flowers which looks great against the familiar patterns of brick, tile and architectural ornament. You can find the same patterns and shapes in the church itself - the example below shows a lantern in the top of the left hand window and, in front of one of the deep window recesses, a lantern that reflects the colours of the stained glass.

Chite Forest, Left: top of the left hand window, Right: lantern with stained glass reflection.

Three Squares

The small square glass panels I’ve made over the past fortnight were designed as wall panels - you can see them hanging high up on my studio wall (below left). I wanted to try out an invisible fixing which is glued to the back centre of the panel, that part of the glass has to be opaque to hide it.

Left: studio wall with original date stamp design and two glass wall panels at the top. Right: Square One, 265mm sq.

Square One (above right) is a leaded elaboration on the date stamp painted piece I made on XXII.VI.MMXX that looked a bit pointless as a stand alone piece of glass. I added patches of colour to compliment the yellow and remind me of midsummer in the local countryside, with an all important black piece in the middle and a scrap textured with triangles to match the XXs on the yellow ground.

Square Two (below) was designed as an opposite to that geometric piece with organic, slightly out of control shapes in lush sprayed enamel colours that I rarely use all together. I sandblasted the surround and the edges of the glass so they look as if they merge into the wall. The light, bright colours and the different textures achieved by applying the glass paints in a variety of ways show up really well against a white (rather than transparent) background in both of these pieces.

Square Two: detail and full piece on the wall, 260 mm sq.

Left: ‘One Way Out’ ink drawing on plywood by Ray Ward. Right: ‘One Way Out’ glass enamels, 260 mm sq.

The third piece was a continuation of my project to turn Ray’s drawings into glass panels (see my previous posts for more examples). The drawings have been going so easily into stained glass versions, but I wanted to try one using my usual enamelling and sandblasting techniques. I intended to give the figure (above left) a solid centre to hide the fixing, but that was one of the things that didn’t really work out. I saw how unpredictable the enamel colours, used in layers, can be as my gold turned green and the hand painted streaks looked so watery that I resorted to sandblasting stripes across the whole background. The result - 6 firings later - is the panel (above right) displayed in the window not on the wall.

Left: panel before firing no. 5. Right: reverse side of finished glass panel.